TANZANIA
From the Wildebeest Migration to the Big 5 and Tropical Beaches
Safari happens almost everywhere you look in Tanzania. It's been a way of life in East Africa's second-largest country for decades. Few destinations in Africa can rival Tanzania’s diversity of wildlife and landscapes. From the classic savannah destinations of the Serengeti, Tarangire and Ngorongoro Crater to the beaches and coral reefs of Zanzibar, a Tanzania safari delivers one massive experience after another. And that’s before you discover the off-the-beaten-path gems like chimpanzee trekking in the untouched rainforests of Mahale and Rubondo, or crowd-free game viewing among the beautifully wild and unique landscapes of Nyerere (previously Selous) and Ruaha.
Things to do in Tanzania
Bird watching
Cultural interactions
Hot air ballooning
Mobile camping
Private concessions and conservancies
Scenery
Wildebeest Migration
Wildlife and safari
Witness the Great Wildebeest Migration
Hardly any other destination on Earth can offer a wildlife encounter to match the annual Wildebeest Migration, and it is the best time to go to Tanzania when it is in full swing. Forming the centrepiece of most inaugural Tanzania safari itineraries, the Migration is a mind-blowing display of nature at her most extraordinary. About 2 million wildebeest, zebra and antelope run the gauntlet of predators as they migrate around the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem in search of fresh grazing. This awe-inspiring event is one of the last mass terrestrial animal movements left on the planet – the herds are so big they can be observed from space!
The Serengeti National Park – Tanzania's flagship conservation area – hosts the bulk of the Migration.
Mobile camps move regularly to stay as close to the herds as possible.
Some accommodations offer easy access to river crossing points.
Note: availability of well-located safari camps between June and October (river crossing season) is limited. If you want front-row seats to the dramatic river crossings, you should book your Tanzania safari at least a year in advance. Or opt to go when the herds give birth and graze their way across the plains, which is just as impressive to see but easier to guarantee – plus the tourist crowds are fewer.
Tanzania's best wildlife safari destinations are:
Best place in Tanzania to see the Big 5
Incredible cliff-top lodges
See huge numbers of elephant, buffalo and giraffe (June to October)
Fantastic bird watching – over 550 species
Boat safaris
Excellent bird watching, especially flamingos
Spot tree-climbing lions
Undiscovered and off the beaten path
See the biggest elephant herds in East Africa
Superb predator sightings, especially wild dog
Nyerere National Park (Selous)
Remote, raw and phenomenally wild
See animals in very large numbers – elephant, buffalo, hippo and giraffe
Home to rare wild dog
Mahale Mountains National Park
Trek for chimpanzee in remote mountains
Sunset boat cruises on Lake Tanganyika
Witness the Wildebeest Migration
High density of big game like elephant, buffalo, lion, leopard and giraffe
Go Off the Beaten Path
Tanzania's little-visited parks and reserves are ideal for intrepid safari-goers and those who have already experienced the more familiar destinations in Northern Tanzania. From savannahs and swamps to rainforests and lakes, Tanzania's undiscovered safari spots offer incredible wildlife encounters far away from the crowds. Plus you can enjoy activities like fishing, walking and boating safaris, and off-roading and night drives – activities not permitted in national parks like the Serengeti.
Discover Ruaha National Park, Tanzania's best-kept secret and home to the country's biggest elephant population.
Visit Nyerere National Park (Selous Game Reserve), one of Africa's most important sanctuaries for endangered wild dog.
Journey to Mahale Mountains or Rubondo Island for one of Tanzania’s most unique safari experiences: chimpanzee trekking.
End Your Safari on a Tropical Island
Many Tanzania safaris end with a relaxing stay on a palm-fringed beach lapped by the Indian Ocean's warm azure waters. Days on safari can be long and dusty, and a sun-kissed tropical island is the ideal place to reflect on your incredible experience before heading back to everyday life. You can easily fly from a Tanzania safari camp after breakfast and be on a powder-soft beach in time for sunset cocktails.
Zanzibar – one of the world's most romantic honeymoon destinations.
Mnemba Island – a private island holiday paradise.
Pemba Island – among the world’s best diving sites.
Mafia Island – swim with migrating whale sharks (about October to April).
Serengeti National Park: A Safari Superstar
Synonymous with safari, the Serengeti is where to go in Tanzania for game viewing at its most dramatic. Hosting the lion's share of the Wildebeest Migration (from about January to September), the Serengeti’s sheer size, accessibility, top-quality lodges and camps, and year-round abundance of wildlife make it one of the best safari destinations in Africa. It’s also a regular stop on the best Tanzania safari tours.
Ngorongoro Crater: Haven for the Big 5
Take about 30 000 animals and place them inside the crater of an extinct volcano. Add wetlands, forest, grasslands and some out-of-this-world cliff-top accommodation, and the result is the Ngorongoro Crater. This superb Tanzania safari destination offers excellent game viewing in an unbelievably unique setting. It's renowned for delivering the easiest and most reliable Big 5 sightings in East Africa, and it provides what is arguably the best safari in Tanzania.
Tarangire National Park: An Elephant Empire
Close to Lake Manyara and the Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire is worth much more than the usual day visit. During the June to October dry season, animal – especially elephant – concentrations along the Tarangire River are among the highest in the country. The park's bird count of more than 500 species means that a visit here is one of the most rewarding Tanzania safaris for twitchers, while its full range of large predators complete the appeal. Tarangire is a beautifully diverse wilderness featuring riverine forest, huge swamps and open woodlands that include Africa's iconic baobab trees.
Lake Manyara National Park: Home to Tree-climbing Lions
Part of Tanzania’s famed Northern Safari Circuit, Lake Manyara offers easy game viewing in a beautiful setting. The park is home to a good range of heavyweight species, including buffalo, hippo, giraffe, elephant, leopard, and its famous tree-climbing lions. Lake Manyara is an exceptional bird-watching destination. You'll often see flocks of pelicans and flamingos in the middle of the lake, and the floodplains, woodlands and evergreen forests are equally vibrant.
Zanzibar and Tanzania Islands: Indian Ocean Bliss
Crown your East Africa safari experience with a stay on Tanzania’s Spice Island: Zanzibar. Perfect for both families and honeymooners, it’s where to go in Tanzania for glorious beaches and coral reefs, dhow (traditional boat) trips at sunset, and exploring fragrant back-street markets. Tanzania’s other Indian Ocean islands won’t disappoint either. Pemba, Mafia and Chole are superlative beach holiday destinations with superb diving, exclusive boutique accommodation and all the indulgent pampering you could wish for.
Ruaha National Park: A Hidden Gem
Ruaha's wild and unbridled character is what sets it apart from other safari destinations. This hidden gem is Tanzania's biggest national park and there are only a handful of safari camps despite its size. You won't see other tourists around – only a plethora of animals like buffalo, giraffe, kudu, sable, roan, lion, cheetah and leopard. It's home to Tanzania's biggest elephant population and a stronghold for rare African wild dogs.
Nyerere National Park: A Wild Dog Sanctuary
Nyerere National Park (previously Selous) is Africa's largest game reserve – bigger than Switzerland. Its lifeblood, the colossal Rufiji River, forms an intricate network of channels, swamps and lakes from which one of East Africa's most magnificent ecosystems is born. Buffalo, hippo, crocodile and lion thrive here, while the reserve is also one of Africa's most important sanctuaries for endangered wild dog. Don't miss a boat safari, guided walk or fly-camping excursion is this breath taking wilderness.
Lake Tanganyika: Rainforests and Chimpanzees
The world's longest freshwater lake is hemmed in by the mountainous walls of the Great Rift Valley. It’s one of our planet’s most biologically rich habitats, not least due to the lakeside presence of the Mahale Mountains and Gombe Stream National Parks. These two far-flung destinations are worth the effort it takes to get to them, as both deliver some of Tanzania’s most unique safari experiences: tropical rainforest wildlife viewing and remarkable chimpanzee trekking.
Mount Kilimanjaro: Climb Africa's Tallest Peak
Mount Kilimanjaro is not only the tallest mountain in Africa, it's also the highest free-standing mountain on Earth. Rising almost 6 kilometres (4 miles) above Tanzania's plains, climbing to the ‘Roof of Africa' can take five or more days to complete. There are many routes to the top with varying levels of difficulty, climbing time, crowdedness and natural beauty.
Whether you're content with standing in its mighty shadow or yearn to climb to its icy summit, the iconic Mount Kilimanjaro won’t fail to stir your soul. At 5 895 metres (19 340 feet), it’s Africa’s highest mountain and the tallest free-standing mountain on Earth. But its snow-capped peaks are far more accessible than you may think. If you climb Kili in the dry season between July and October or January and March, no technical climbing is required. But organising and executing a hike to the summit does call for a fair amount of logistical planning.
Arusha: A Gateway to Safari
The undisputed safari capital of Tanzania, the city of Arusha is on the itinerary of virtually anyone visiting the Serengeti, Ngorongoro Crater and Lake Manyara, as logistics often dictate an overnight layover in or around the city. Set in the shadow of Mount Meru, Arusha has its own international airport (Kilimanjaro International Airport) as well as the smaller Arusha Airport for charter flights to final destinations. If you spend some time in Arusha, you'll have many opportunities to buy souvenirs, take in the cultural activities and visit local places of interest.
Month by Month Guide for Travelling to Tanzania:
Travelling to Tanzania during January to March
If it's a tropical beach holiday that you're after, January is one of the best times to visit Tanzania's coast. Experiencing Zanzibar for a vacation consists of powder-soft sand beaches, azure waters, and total relaxation. For the Wildebeest Migration, the first month of the year usually sees the herds move into the southern Serengeti to give birth to their calves.
It's hot and humid during February, and it's the start of calving season when thousands of wildebeest give birth to their young and predators lie in wait. Approximately 500,000 wildebeest calves are born during this period. The plains are full of new life, taking their first teetering steps.
It's extremely hot in Tanzania in March, early in the month it tends to be dry, although the ‘long rains' have in previous years come early. The landscape turns an otherworldly green which is a strong contrast to the brown texture of the terrain over the summer months. The Ngorongoro Highlands receives short and sharp rainfall in the late afternoon, leaving the mornings pleasant. March is also considered a prime month to conquer Mount Kilimanjaro.
Visiting Tanzania in April & May
April is by far the wettest month of the year and while the rains predominantly come in the form of afternoon thundershowers, it's not unusual to have big storms at night, as well as plenty of grey days. The western and southern parks have the highest humidity of the year, but accommodations and Tanzania tours offer great value for money if you choose to travel during this time.
The beginning of May is still very wet, but things do start to dry out towards the end of the month as June welcomes in the dry season. During this month, the Great Migration is trekking from the southern Serengeti to the western corridor.
Visiting Tanzania from June to August
June is dry, busy and is considered the best time of year to visit for Tanzania luxury safaris. The rains have come to an end, the savannahs are starting to change from green to yellow, and wildlife sightings improve as the vegetation slowly recedes. The Wildebeest Migration may have stopped at the Grumeti River, building up numbers before they attempt their death-defying crossings.
July is when peak safari season is in full swing and is the best time to travel to Tanzania for ideal weather and excellent game drive opportunities, as well as pairing up a Kenya and Tanzania safari. The Great Migration should have reached the northern parts of the Serengeti, getting ready for its main event: crossing the treacherous waters of the Mara River into Kenya. Read more to find out about a Kenya vs Tanzania safari.
August is still considered peak season with tourist crowds flocking to the northern safari circuit (Tarangire, Ngorongoro Crater and Serengeti) and Zanzibar. Wildlife viewing is sensational, and the herds of the Great Migration should have started to cross the Mara River.
Travelling to Tanzania during September and October
In September, tourist crowds begin to dissipate and there is still no rain, meaning humidity levels are low bringing fewer mosquitoes. September is another prime month for hikers wanting to conquer Kilimanjaro and for those in search of high numbers of elephants, the Tarangire National Park is where you will find them en masse. Plus, this month is the start of the fishing season in Tanzania's great lake regions.
October sees the building of thunderclouds and the arrival of the first rains. Mahale Mountains National Park during this month is the best time to travel to Tanzania for chimpanzee encounters, and Lake Tanganyika is at its warmest. If you're wanting to climb Mount Meru, this is the best month to visit Arusha National Park.
Visiting Tanzania in November & December
ovember is possibly one of the most underrated months for a safari in Tanzania. There will be rain, but it's usually only periodic thundershowers in the afternoon. The northern parks of Tanzania are generally great for game viewing year-round, and this month is a good time to discover some off-the-beaten track destinations.
December falls in the middle of the ‘short rains' and the beginning of the month is usually quiet compared to the two weeks over Christmas and New Year. December is the perfect month for birdwatching as the migratory birds start to arrive – particularly in the Nyerere and Tarangire National Parks. The Great Migration has returned to the short grass plains of the southern Serengeti. It’s the ideal time for a Serengeti Safari in Tanzania witnessing feasting in preparation to calve and bringing new life on their year-round circular journey.